Haiti

Haiti's PPP framework remains underdeveloped, with limited institutional capacity to support project development and implementation. The Public Procurement Law of 2009 permits PPPs through build-operate-transfer concessions for public-service infrastructure, but the country lacks dedicated PPP legislation.¹ The Central Unit for the Management of Public-Private Partnerships, established within the Ministry of Economy and Finance in 2012, is tasked with promoting and supporting PPPs, although its operational role remains limited. Discussions on a draft PPP decree have continued, but progress has been slow, and no comprehensive framework has been adopted.²

Haiti's PPP market remains largely inactive, constrained by political instability, insecurity and limited capacity to attract private infrastructure financing. International development partners continue to play a central role in infrastructure investment. Nevertheless, some prospective PPP activity has emerged. In 2025, the International Finance Corporation disclosed an advisory assignment to help structure a competitive tender for private operation of water services in Lascahobas.³ The government also announced plans to manage the newly inaugurated Port of Saint-Louis du Sud through a PPP arrangement.⁴ Neither initiative has been confirmed as reaching financial close. These developments suggest some potential for private participation, but have yet to translate into meaningful PPP market activity.

Political instability and security challenges have continued to overshadow Haiti's PPP agenda. Since the establishment of the Transitional Presidential Council in 2024, government priorities have centered on restoring security, maintaining essential services and supporting economic recovery. Nevertheless, recent government-led recovery planning has signaled greater interest in mobilizing private infrastructure investment, including through potential PPP concessions for rural electrification.⁵ In 2025, the government and the Inter-American Development Bank launched work on a 2025-30 recovery and development plan emphasizing private-sector-led growth, infrastructure investment and institutional strengthening.⁶ While PPPs have attracted little vocal opposition, there is limited evidence of broader political consensus around their development.

Regulations and institutions is Haiti's highest-scoring category (42.9), although it falls well below the regional average (70.8). The framework establishes competitive bidding requirements and provides for bidder debriefings and independent dispute resolution. Contract management provisions also establish procedures for routine adjustments and formal approval of more substantial changes. Beyond procurement and contract management, Haiti performs comparatively well in specific aspects of risk management, particularly lenders’ step-in rights and disaster-related insurance requirements.

Haiti ranks last regionally in project preparation and sustainability, financing and ex-post performance evaluation, reflecting weaknesses throughout the PPP project cycle. The absence of systematic prioritization, needs assessments and comprehensive economic appraisal requirements undermines project selection, while limited preparation funding and access to capital constrain development and financing. Downstream, the lack of standardized risk allocation, contract monitoring and ex-post evaluation arrangements further limits the government's ability to manage projects and assess their results.

Recent government efforts to mobilize private infrastructure investment, alongside the absence of identified vocal opposition to PPPs, contribute to Haiti's modestly improved index performance. Recovery planning and prospective infrastructure concessions indicate renewed interest in private participation, although these initiatives remain at an early stage. Discussions on a draft PPP decree have also continued, but progress has been slow. Overall, these developments have yet to produce substantive institutional reforms, sustained PPP investment, or measurable improvements in project preparation and implementation.