Colombia

Colombia’s PPP framework remains anchored in the 2012 PPP Law, with the National Planning Department (DNP) providing policy leadership and technical support. The National Infrastructure Agency (ANI) plans, coordinates, structures, procures, manages and evaluates national infrastructure concessions, while Financiera de Desarrollo Nacional supports project development and financing. Article 105 of Law 2294 (2023) expanded ANI’s mandate beyond transport, allowing it to develop social and productive infrastructure projects through PPPs and concessions, based on priorities set by relevant sector ministries and in coordination with territorial governments.¹ Colombia has also expanded practical guidance on areas including climate resilience and PPP contract management, although some of this guidance remains non-binding.

Colombia continues to sustain one of the region’s largest PPP markets. Major road concessions remain important, including the Buga-Buenaventura 5G project, which secured COP3.66trn in sustainable financing in 2025 from domestic and international lenders.² Recent activity also illustrates diversification beyond highways, spanning urban transit, social infrastructure and rail. Most notably, the government signed the COP3.39trn La Dorada-Chiriguaná concession in 2025, the first railway PPP awarded under Colombia’s 2012 PPP framework. The 526-km freight corridor marks an important extension of the country’s established PPP model into rail infrastructure.^3,4

Colombia has maintained political support for PPPs across successive administrations, although infrastructure priorities have varied. Under the previous administration (2022-26), the National Development Plan 2022-26 explicitly supported PPPs,⁵ while the government advanced existing 5G road concessions and awarded the country’s first railway PPP under the 2012 framework. Following the June 2026 election, the new administration has announced changes to port-concession rules aimed at attracting private capital, outlined plans to reform PPP legislation and prioritized resolving bottlenecks affecting ongoing projects.^6,7 These initiatives signal continued support for private infrastructure participation, although the scope and implementation of the new government's broader PPP agenda remain to be seen.

Colombia’s regulatory and institutional framework is among the region’s most developed, scoring 97.4 and ranking 3rd in the region. This foundation extends into project preparation, where Colombia ranks 2nd for project selection and has well-established preparation processes, methodological tools and project-development support. Financing is another comparative strength, with Colombia ranking 2nd for the structure and diversity of PPP financing. Its mature PPP track record and broader infrastructure-monitoring and evaluation mechanisms also support a 3rd-place ranking in performance evaluation and impact, although project-level ex-post evaluation requirements remain less developed.

Colombia’s clearest relative weakness is environmental and social sustainability, where it scores 28.8 and ranks 12th regionally. Although environmental assessment and community consultation processes are established, climate resilience and socioeconomic inclusion objectives are not systematically embedded in PPP preparation and contracting. Contract management presents another, narrower gap: national requirements do not comprehensively address areas such as stakeholder and information management, claims and changes in project ownership or financing.

Colombia’s overall performance has remained broadly stable, reflecting continuity in its regulatory and institutional framework. However, PPP investment has gained ground: averaged across sectors, PPPs accounted for 20.9% of infrastructure spending over the past decade, up from 15.0% in the previous Infrascope assessment—the largest percentage-point increase in the region. Recent projects also signal the beginnings of diversification beyond highway concessions, particularly into rail infrastructure. Alongside these market developments, Colombia initiated an ex-post evaluation of its road-concession program through SINERGIA in 2025.